Abstract
Biomarkers are used in medicine to facilitate diagnosis, assess risk, direct therapy and determine efficacy of treatment. Sensitivity and specificity are essential in order for a biomarker to be useful. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are considered biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. However, they differ in function, sensitivity and specificity. BNP is released from the myocardium in response to myocardial stretch, a clear cause and effect relationship; therefore, it is useful in the diagnosis of heart failure when patients present with dyspnea of unknown origin and to assess treatment in high risk patients with diagnosed heart failure. Sex and age based reference ranges and partition values are established from clinical trials and from populations screened for the absence of cardiovascular disease. Highly sensitive and reproducible methods are also available to measure CRP. However, although CRP is associated with adverse cardiovascular events, unlike BNP, multiple stimuli increase production of CRP. Therefore, elevation in CRP is not specific to cardiovascular disease. Partition values for CRP and cardiovascular risk based on epidemiological studies predict risk for populations but may not always be useful when used alone to predict individual risk or to direct therapy. Given the non-specific stimuli which affect circulating concentrations of CRP, using CRP to monitor treatment to reduce cardiovascular risk may provide little benefit without understanding or targeting the underlying causes for its elevation.
Keywords: B-type natriuretic peptide, BNP, coronary artery disease, C-reactive protein, CRP, estrogen, heart failure, hormone replacement therapy
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: Use of BNP and CRP as Biomarkers in Assessing Cardiovascular Disease:Diagnosis Versus Risk
Volume: 5 Issue: 1
Author(s): Virginia M. Miller, Margaret M. Redfield and Joseph P. McConnell
Affiliation:
Keywords: B-type natriuretic peptide, BNP, coronary artery disease, C-reactive protein, CRP, estrogen, heart failure, hormone replacement therapy
Abstract: Biomarkers are used in medicine to facilitate diagnosis, assess risk, direct therapy and determine efficacy of treatment. Sensitivity and specificity are essential in order for a biomarker to be useful. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are considered biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. However, they differ in function, sensitivity and specificity. BNP is released from the myocardium in response to myocardial stretch, a clear cause and effect relationship; therefore, it is useful in the diagnosis of heart failure when patients present with dyspnea of unknown origin and to assess treatment in high risk patients with diagnosed heart failure. Sex and age based reference ranges and partition values are established from clinical trials and from populations screened for the absence of cardiovascular disease. Highly sensitive and reproducible methods are also available to measure CRP. However, although CRP is associated with adverse cardiovascular events, unlike BNP, multiple stimuli increase production of CRP. Therefore, elevation in CRP is not specific to cardiovascular disease. Partition values for CRP and cardiovascular risk based on epidemiological studies predict risk for populations but may not always be useful when used alone to predict individual risk or to direct therapy. Given the non-specific stimuli which affect circulating concentrations of CRP, using CRP to monitor treatment to reduce cardiovascular risk may provide little benefit without understanding or targeting the underlying causes for its elevation.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Miller M. Virginia, Redfield M. Margaret and McConnell P. Joseph, Use of BNP and CRP as Biomarkers in Assessing Cardiovascular Disease:Diagnosis Versus Risk, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2007; 5 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016107779317251
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016107779317251 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancements in Arterial Stiffness: Novel Therapeutic Frontiers
Arterial stiffness, a hallmark of cardiovascular disease, poses significant challenges in contemporary healthcare. This thematic issue delves into the multifaceted landscape of arterial stiffness and explores cutting-edge therapeutic interventions aimed at mitigating its adverse effects. Within these pages, readers will find a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying arterial stiffness, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
![](/images/wayfinder.jpg)
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Meet Our Editor:
Current Cardiology Reviews Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Induced Angioedema – An Overlooked Adverse Drug Reaction?
Current Diabetes Reviews Review on Patents for Potent Anticoagulant Antithrombin-Heparin Covalent Complexes that Control Thrombosis In Vivo
Recent Patents on Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Gut Microbiota Modulation for Therapeutic Management of Various Diseases: A New Perspective Using Stem Cell Therapy
Current Molecular Pharmacology Ajmalicine and its Analogues Against AChE and BuChE for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease: An <i>In-silico</i> Study
Current Pharmaceutical Design Influence of Lifestyle Measures on Hypertriglyceridaemia
Current Drug Targets Coenzyme Q10 Reduction with Statins: Another Pleiotropic Effect
Current Drug Therapy Human Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Cardiovascular Drug Discovery: Patents and Patented Uses
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Role of Polyphenols in Alleviating Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry Impact of Metabolic Surgery on Type-2 Diabetes Remission
Current Diabetes Reviews Adherence to Congestive Heart Failure Guidelines and Outcome in the Middle East
Current Cardiology Reviews Detection and Transport Mechanisms of Circulating microRNAs in Neurological, Cardiac and Kidney Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Angiogenesis Inhibitors: Implications for Combination with Conventional Therapies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Antiangiogenic Therapeutic Approaches in Multiple Myeloma
Current Cancer Drug Targets The Effect of Anti-B-cell Therapy on the Development of Atherosclerosis in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pharmacological Inhibition of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase in Cardiovascular Disorders: Future Directions
Current Vascular Pharmacology Role of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology: Current Trends and Perspectives
Current Vascular Pharmacology Insights from Exercise-induced Cardioprotection-from Clinical Application to Basic Research
Current Pharmaceutical Design Review of the Contribution of Radiolabelled Tracers for Tumour Cell Status Imaging
Current Medical Imaging Blood Platelet Reactivity and its Pharmacological Modulation in (People with) Diabetes Mellitus
Current Pharmaceutical Design