Congenital Tracheal Stenosis: Two Case Reports and Literature Review

Title:Congenital Tracheal Stenosis: Two Case Reports and Literature Review

Volume: 20 Issue: 4

Author(s): Luigi Matera, Raffaella Nenna, Antonella Frassanito, Maria Giulia Conti, Laura Petrarca, Enrica Mancino, Greta Di Mattia, Domenico Paolo La Regina, Elio Iovine, Fabrizio Virgili, Mattia Spatuzzo and Fabio Midulla*

Affiliation:

• Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

Keywords: Congenital airway malformations, tracheal stenosis, laser excision, balloon dilation, stent placement, tracheal resection, slide tracheoplasty.

Abstract:

Background: Congenital tracheal stenosis is defined as the narrowing of the airway lumen due to the abnormal formation of complete tracheal cartilage rings. It may present with different clinical pictures, depending on the range and extent of stenosis. We present two cases of congenital tracheal stenosis, with a different range of severity and, consequently, different treatment approaches.

Case Presentation: We describe the case of a 3-month-old infant with breathing noise that worsened particularly when crying and after nutrition. He presented a congenital funnel-shaped tracheal stenosis with an associated tracheal bronchus, which was treated endoscopically with an endobronchial stent. The second presented case is of a newborn who presented severe respiratory distress and inspiratory stridor in the first hours of life. A congenital cylindrical tracheal stenosis was diagnosed and it was treated surgically through slide tracheoplasty.

Discussion: These two cases showed us that congenital tracheal stenosis can present with a very variable clinical picture. Thus, according to clinical presentation, different treatments can be considered.

Conclusion: We underline the importance of considering congenital tracheal stenosis in the differential diagnosis of prolonged wheezing and recurrent airway infections.

Cite this article as:

Matera Luigi, Nenna Raffaella, Frassanito Antonella, Conti Maria Giulia, Petrarca Laura, Mancino Enrica, Di Mattia Greta, La Regina Paolo Domenico, Iovine Elio, Virgili Fabrizio, Spatuzzo Mattia and Midulla Fabio*, Congenital Tracheal Stenosis: Two Case Reports and Literature Review, Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews 2024; 20 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/011573398X282374240227040922