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Current Cancer Drug Targets

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1568-0096
ISSN (Online): 1873-5576

Review Article

Immunologic Crosstalk of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling in Bladder Cancer

Author(s): Shun Wan, Kun-Peng Li, Chen-Yang Wang, Jian-Wei Yang, Si-Yu Chen, Hua-Bin Wang, Xiao-Ran Li* and Li Yang*

Volume 24, Issue 7, 2024

Published on: 23 January, 2024

Page: [701 - 719] Pages: 19

DOI: 10.2174/0115680096272663231121100515

Price: $65

Abstract

Bladder cancer (BC) is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system. While current approaches involving adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy have shown significant progress in BC treatment, challenges, such as recurrence and drug resistance, persist, especially in the case of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). It is mainly due to the lack of pre-existing immune response cells in the tumor immune microenvironment. Micro-environmental changes (such as hypoxia and under-nutrition) can cause the aggregation of unfolded and misfolded proteins in the lumen, which induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ER stress and its downstream signaling pathways are closely related to immunogenicity and tumor drug resistance. ER stress plays a pivotal role in a spectrum of processes within immune cells and the progression of BC cells, encompassing cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, and resistance to therapies. Recent studies have increasingly recognized the potential of natural compounds to exhibit anti-BC properties through ER stress induction. Still, the efficacy of these natural compounds remains less than that of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Currently, the ER stress-mediated immunogenic cell death (ICD) pathway is more encouraging, which can enhance ICI responses by mediating immune stemness. This article provides an overview of the recent developments in understanding how ER stress influences tumor immunity and its implications for BC. Targeting this pathway may soon emerge as a compelling therapeutic strategy for BC.

Keywords: Bladder cancer, endoplasmic reticulum stress, immune, immune cells, signal transduction, muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Graphical Abstract
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