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CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5273
ISSN (Online): 1996-3181

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Review Article

The Essential Role of Astrocytes in Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection

Author(s): Federico López Couselo, Julieta Saba, Lila Carniglia, Daniela Durand, Mercedes Lasaga and Carla Caruso*

Volume 23, Issue 9, 2024

Published on: 24 October, 2023

Page: [1101 - 1119] Pages: 19

DOI: 10.2174/0118715273269881231012062255

Price: $65

Abstract

Astrocytes are glial cells that perform several fundamental physiological functions within the brain. They can control neuronal activity and levels of ions and neurotransmitters, and release several factors that modulate the brain environment. Over the past few decades, our knowledge of astrocytes and their functions has rapidly evolved. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by selective degeneration of neurons, increased glial activation, and glial dysfunction. Given the significant role played by astrocytes, there is growing interest in their potential therapeutic role. However, defining their contribution to neurodegeneration is more complex than was previously thought. This review summarizes the main functions of astrocytes and their involvement in neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting their neurotoxic and neuroprotective ability.

Keywords: Astrocytes, neurodegenerative diseases, glial reactivity, brain homeostasis, neuroprotection, neurotoxicity.

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