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Review Article

利什曼病药物不耐受及疫苗研制进展

卷 24, 期 13, 2023

发表于: 04 October, 2023

页: [1023 - 1031] 页: 9

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0113894501254585230927100440

价格: $65

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摘要

利什曼病是被忽视的热带疾病之一，是一种由原生动物利什曼原虫引起的媒介传播的人畜共患疾病。这种寄生虫是由媒介沙蝇通过叮咬传染给人类的。内脏利什曼病（VL），也称为黑热病，是利什曼病中最致命的一种，死亡率高，主要分布在东非和南亚地区。世界卫生组织报告指出，每年约有330万人因该疾病致残，每年约5万人死亡。真正令人担忧的是，迄今为止，除了少数获批的药物和针对感染患者的化疗外，没有针对利什曼病的特别有效的药物/疫苗。目前小化合物的选择受到限制，它们日益增长的耐药性一直是一个主要问题。此外，现有的治疗方法或药物对人类的严重副作用使得必须找到有效和低成本的方法来加快抗利什曼病新药的开发。理想情况下，该疫苗可能是CL和VL的低风险有效替代品，并引发对该疾病的长期免疫力。有许多候选疫苗处于不同的临床开发阶段和临床前阶段。然而，没有一项成功通过所有临床试验。但是，针对犬类利什曼病（CanL）的商用疫苗的成功开发和批准提供了证据，证明在遥远的未来，这对人类来说是可能的。本文讨论了利什曼病疫苗的开发方法，并简要回顾了目前的进展。

关键词: 利什曼原虫，内脏利什曼病，黑热病，疫苗，被忽视的热带疾病（NTD），donovani乳杆菌。

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