Abstract
Aptamer molecules represent an attractive approach in pharmacological therapy. Thrombin is a plasma serine protease that plays a key role in coagulation and haemostasis, also playing a relevant role in endothelial and smooth muscle cell functions. Thus, the development and use of direct thrombin inhibitors represents a potent tool in cardiovascular therapeutics. This review describes the status of direct thrombin inhibitors, focusing on aptamer-based drug candidates, that are at present in pre-clinical and in clinical trials. In addition, more recent research strategies in the design of novel aptamer thrombin inhibitors are presented and discussed. In particular, their structural, conformational, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties are discussed in relation with the specificity of their binding to relevant thrombin exosites, which regulate the enzyme interaction with natural substrates and cellular receptors. Despite the addition of new effective anticoagulants to the therapeutic armoury, there remains a need for safer and effective anticoagulants. The aptamer- based thrombin inhibitors may represent an attractive approach for future developments of more potent and safer anticoagulants.
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Nucleotide-Derived Thrombin Inhibitors: A New Tool for an Old Issue
Volume: 7 Issue: 1
Author(s): Stefano Lancellotti and Raimondo De Cristofaro
Affiliation:
Abstract: Aptamer molecules represent an attractive approach in pharmacological therapy. Thrombin is a plasma serine protease that plays a key role in coagulation and haemostasis, also playing a relevant role in endothelial and smooth muscle cell functions. Thus, the development and use of direct thrombin inhibitors represents a potent tool in cardiovascular therapeutics. This review describes the status of direct thrombin inhibitors, focusing on aptamer-based drug candidates, that are at present in pre-clinical and in clinical trials. In addition, more recent research strategies in the design of novel aptamer thrombin inhibitors are presented and discussed. In particular, their structural, conformational, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties are discussed in relation with the specificity of their binding to relevant thrombin exosites, which regulate the enzyme interaction with natural substrates and cellular receptors. Despite the addition of new effective anticoagulants to the therapeutic armoury, there remains a need for safer and effective anticoagulants. The aptamer- based thrombin inhibitors may represent an attractive approach for future developments of more potent and safer anticoagulants.
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Cite this article as:
Lancellotti Stefano and De Cristofaro Raimondo, Nucleotide-Derived Thrombin Inhibitors: A New Tool for an Old Issue, Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2009; 7 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152509787047658
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152509787047658 |
Print ISSN 1871-5257 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6182 |
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