摘要
男性生育能力与下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴的正常功能密切相关。睾丸是男性重要的生殖器官,通过精子形成分泌雄激素和产生精子。精子形成是指精原干细胞(SSCs)产生高度分化的精子的过程,分为有丝分裂、减数分裂和精子形成三个阶段。精子形成需要SSCs在自我更新、分化和精母细胞减数分裂之间取得适当的平衡,减数分裂涉及许多分子和信号通路。下丘脑和垂体中异常的基因表达或信号转导,特别是在睾丸中,可能导致生精障碍和男性不育。phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) /蛋白激酶B(一种蛋白激酶)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶(mTOR)信号通路参与了许多男性生殖阶段,包括监管下丘脑-垂体性腺 (HPG)轴在精子发生过程中,精原细胞和体细胞的增殖和分化,以及在环境污染物,特别是内分泌干扰物(EDCs)存在时,精子自噬和睾丸内分泌功能的调节。在PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路中,mTOR被认为是多种信号的中心集成处,调节代谢、细胞生长和增殖。特别是mTOR在SSCs的维持和分化以及调节支持细胞的氧化还原平衡和代谢活动方面发挥着重要作用,维持细胞在精子形成过程中发挥着重要的营养支持作用。
关键词: PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路,HPG轴,精子形成,自噬,下丘脑-垂体性腺(HPG),代谢活性。
Current Molecular Medicine
Title:The Role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signalling Pathway in Male Reproduction
Volume: 21 Issue: 7
关键词: PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路,HPG轴,精子形成,自噬,下丘脑-垂体性腺(HPG),代谢活性。
摘要: Male fertility is closely related to the normal function of the hypothalamicpituitary- testicular axis. The testis is an important male reproductive organ that secretes androgen and produces sperm through spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis refers to the process by which spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) produce highly differentiated spermatozoa and is divided into three stages: mitosis, meiosis and spermiogenesis. Spermatogenesis requires SSCs to strike a proper balance between self-renewal and differentiation and the commitment of spermatocytes to meiosis, which involves many molecules and signalling pathways. Abnormal gene expression or signal transduction in the hypothalamus and pituitary, but particularly in the testis, may lead to spermatogenic disorders and male infertility. The phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway is involved in many stages of male reproduction, including the regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitarygonad (HPG) axis during spermatogenesis, the proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonia and somatic cells, and the regulation of sperm autophagy and testicular endocrine function in the presence of environmental pollutants, particularly endocrinedisrupting chemicals (EDCs). In the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, mTOR is considered the central integrator of several signals, regulating metabolism, cell growth and proliferation. In particular, mTOR plays an important role in the maintenance and differentiation of SSCs, as well as in regulating the redox balance and metabolic activity of Sertoli cells, which play an important role in nutritional support during spermatogenesis.
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Cite this article as:
The Role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signalling Pathway in Male Reproduction, Current Molecular Medicine 2021; 21 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524020666201203164910
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524020666201203164910 |
Print ISSN 1566-5240 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5666 |
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