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Current Molecular Pharmacology

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ISSN (Print): 1874-4672
ISSN (Online): 1874-4702

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Review Article

Dual Role of Pregnane X Receptor in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Author(s): Yuan Xu, Ziming An, Shufei Wang, Yiming Ni, Mingmei Zhou*, Qin Feng*, Xiaojun Gou*, Meiling Xu and Ying Qi

Volume 17, 2024

Published on: 13 October, 2023

Article ID: e18761429259143 Pages: 17

DOI: 10.2174/0118761429259143230927110556

open_access

Abstract

The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been rising worldwide in parallel with diabetes and metabolic syndrome. NAFLD refers to a spectrum of liver abnormalities with a variable course, ranging from nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), eventually leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Pregnane X receptor (PXR), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, plays a prominent part in the regulation of endogenous metabolic genes in NAFLD. Recent studies have suggested that PXR has therapeutic potential for NAFLD, yet the relationship between PXR and NAFLD remains controversial. In this review, PXR is proposed to play a dual role in the development and progression of NAFLD. Its activation will aggravate steatosis of the liver, reduce inflammatory response, and prevent liver fibrosis. In addition, the interactions between PXR, substance metabolism, inflammation, fibrosis, and gut microbiota in non-alcoholic fatty liver were elucidated. Due to limited therapeutic options, a better understanding of the contribution of PXR to the pathogenesis of NAFLD should facilitate the design of innovative drugs targeting NAFLD.

Keywords: Pregnane X receptor (PXR), Nuclear receptor, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, Metabolism, LCA.

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