<![CDATA[Current Hypertension Reviews (Volume 20 - Issue 1)]]> https://benthamscience.com/journal/21 RSS Feed for Journals | BenthamScience EurekaSelect (+https://benthamscience.com) 2024-03-27 <![CDATA[Current Hypertension Reviews (Volume 20 - Issue 1)]]> https://benthamscience.com/journal/21 <![CDATA[Hypertension Management in Peripheral Artery Disease: A Mini Review]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1366222024-03-27 <![CDATA[Xanthine Oxidoreductase in the Pathogenesis of Endothelial Dysfunction: An Update]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1383122024-03-27 <![CDATA[Montelukast Ameliorates 2K1C-Hypertension Induced Endothelial Dysfunction and Associated Vascular Dementia]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1370662024-03-27Background: Declined kidney function associated with hypertension is a danger for cognitive deficits, dementia, and brain injury. Cognitive decline and vascular dementia (VaD) are serious public health concerns, which highlights the urgent need for study on the risk factors for cognitive decline. Cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT1) receptors are concerned with regulating cognition, motivation, inflammatory processes, and neurogenesis.

Objective: This research aims to examine the consequence of montelukast (specific CysLT1 antagonist) in renovascular hypertension 2-kidney-1-clip-2K1C model-triggered VaD in experimental animals.

Methods: 2K1C tactics were made to prompt renovascular hypertension in mature male rats. Morris water maze was employed to measure cognition. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum nitrite levels, aortic superoxide content, vascular endothelial activity, brain’s oxidative stress (diminished glutathione, raised lipid peroxides), inflammatory markers (IL-10, IL-6, TNF-α), cholinergic activity (raised acetylcholinesterase), and cerebral injury (staining of 2, 3, 5- triphenylterazolium chloride) were also examined.

Results: Montelukast in doses of 5.0 and 10.0 mg kg-1 was used intraperitoneally as the treatment drug. Along with cognitive deficits, 2K1C-operated rats showed elevated MAP, endothelial dysfunction, brain oxidative stress, inflammation, and cerebral damage with diminished serum nitrite/nitrate. Montelukast therapy significantly and dose-dependently mitigated the 2K1Chypertension- provoked impaired behaviors, biochemistry, endothelial functions, and cerebral infarction.

Conclusion: The 2K1C tactic caused renovascular hypertension and associated VaD, which was mitigated via targeted regulation of CysLT1 receptors by montelukast administration. Therefore, montelukast may be taken into consideration for the evaluation of its complete potential in renovascular-hypertension-induced VaD.

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<![CDATA[The Novelty of using Obesity Indices as Blood Pressure Predictors]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1364422024-03-27Aims: To study the association between selected obesity indices, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP).

Methods: A cross-sectional study on 491 Jordanian adults (19-65 years old). The sociodemographic data, anthropometrics, and blood pressure were measured and recorded. Obesity indices (Conicity Index (CI), Abdominal volume index (AVI), Body Roundness Index (BRI), and Weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI)) were calculated using standard validated formulas.

Results: Based on age, the SBP had a significant moderate correlation with BRI and AVI in all age groups. In the age group 20 to 34 years, SBP had a significantly moderate correlation with CI, and DBP had a significantly moderate correlation with BRI and AVI. In the age group 35 to 44 years, DBP had a significantly moderate correlation with CI, BRI, WWI, and AVI. For the age group 45 to 65 years, the SBP had a significantly moderate correlation with all the obesity indexes, opposite to DBP. Obesity indices explain 23.6% to 24.1% of the changeability in SBP, and one unit increase in them resulted in an increase in SBP range from 0.61 ± 0.14 to 19.88 ± 4.45. For DBP, obesity indices explained 15.9% to 16.3% of the variability in DBP, and raising them by one unit led to an increase in the DBP range from 0.27 ± 0.11 to 10.08 ± 4.83.

Conclusion: All the studied obesity indices impacted SBP and DBP with the highest reported effect for AVI and BRI and a lower impact for WWI. The impact of obesity indices on DBP was affected by age group.

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<![CDATA[Association of COVID-19 and Arterial Stiffness Assessed using Cardiovascular Index (CAVI)]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1376122024-03-27Background: COVID-19 is characterized by an acute inflammatory response with the formation of endothelial dysfunction and may affect arterial stiffness. Studies of cardio-ankle vascular index in COVID-19 patients with considered cardiovascular risk factors have not been conducted.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to assess the association between cardio-ankle vascular index and COVID-19 in hospitalized patients adjusted for known cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study included 174 people hospitalized with a diagnosis of moderate COVID-19 and 94 people without COVID-19. Significant differences in the cardio-ankle vascular index values measured by VaSera VS - 1500N between the two groups were analyzed using parametric (Student's t-criterion) and nonparametric (Mann-Whitney) criteria. Independent association between COVID-19 and an increased cardio-ankle vascular index ≥ 9.0 adjusted for known cardiovascular risk factors was assessed by multivariate logistic regression.

Results: There were significantly higher values of the right cardio-ankle vascular index 8.10 [7.00;9.40] and the left cardio-ankle vascular index 8.10 [6.95;9.65] in patients undergoing inpatient treatment for COVID-19 than in the control group – 7.55 [6.60;8.60] and 7.60 [6.60;8.70], respectively. A multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for age, hypertension, plasma glucose level, glomerular filtration rate and diabetes mellitus showed a significant association between increased cardio-ankle vascular index and COVID-19 (OR 2.41 [CI 1.09;5.30]).

Conclusion: Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 had significantly higher cardio-ankle vascular index values compared to the control group. An association between an increased cardio-ankle vascular index and COVID-19 was revealed, independent of age, hypertension, plasma glucose level, glomerular filtration rate and diabetes mellitus.

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<![CDATA[Resistance Training Reduces Blood Pressure: Putative Molecular Mechanisms]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1376332024-03-27 <![CDATA[Synchronous Bilateral Brachial Blood Pressure Measurements Increased Orthostatic Hypotension Detection in the Elderly]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1368322024-03-27Background: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a common clinical sign, but its detection rate is low, and it is difficult to repeat because there is no standardized screening method available.

Aim: This study aimed to establish a method for detecting blood pressure and assess whether it could increase the OH detection rate in the elderly.

Methods: From May to October, 2022, 178 patients with symptomatic OH and 286 subjects with asymptomatic OH were selected. BP from the bilateral brachial artery was measured using two electronic sphygmomanometers on both arms at the same time, in the order of supine, sitting, and standing at 0-3 min. OH should meet 20/10 mmHg, standing BP minus sitting BP. The OH detection rates were calculated and compared. The symptomatic OH group was more often older, slimmer, had lower ADL scores, and contained fewer smokers (all P< 0.05).

Results: The detection rate of the symptomatic OH group using the modified method was 59.55%, which was higher than that of the routine method (34.83% vs. 59.55%, P<0.05). The detection rate using the modified method in the OH group with asymptomatic OH was 20.63%, which was higher than that of the routine method (20.63% vs. 5.59%, P< 0.01).

Conclusion: Synchronous measurement of bilateral brachial artery BP in supine, sitting, and standing positions increased the detection rate of OH in the elderly.

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