<![CDATA[Drug Delivery Letters (Volume 14 - Issue 1)]]> https://benthamscience.com/journal/119 RSS Feed for Journals | BenthamScience EurekaSelect (+https://benthamscience.com) 2024-02-02 <![CDATA[Drug Delivery Letters (Volume 14 - Issue 1)]]> https://benthamscience.com/journal/119 <![CDATA[Preface]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1371882024-02-02 <![CDATA[Nanoemulsion Based Supramolecular Drug Delivery Systems for Therapeutic Management of Fungal Infections]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1345762024-02-02 <![CDATA[Recent Advances in Combating Acne with Novel Drug Delivery Systems: A Review]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1349462024-02-02 <![CDATA[Microencapsulation of Doxorubicin Using Chitosan]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1362792024-02-02Introduction: For some medical treatments associated with cancer, the invasion of organs is required, which must be done in a totally controlled way to obtain the expected results in the treatment. Today, most medical treatments make use of invasive therapies to combat the affected cancer tissues. Acting in this way also destroys those tissues not affected by the generation of tumor centers that confront the cancer tumor center to be treated.

Methods: To ensure the objective of the treatment, doses of the drug to be administered in a little controlled and free via are used that are ultimately ineffective due to the high degradation of the active compound due to its non-existent stabilization and protection after its passage through the body and consequently possible episodes of phagocytization, responsible for the reticuloendothelial system. It is well known the side effects that one of the most promising anti-cancer molecules, doxorubicin, shows. This is a problem for its use, and one of the possibilities to avoid these desired behaviors, microencapsulation could be a possible approach.

Results: Microencapsulation of drugs allows the design of micro-level structures capable of containing the active agent with sufficient protection and stabilization to be able to reach the target site with the highest possible concentration of drug to be able to be gradually released in its entirety and produce the desired effect in the therapy in a controlled way according to a previously studied kinetic profile, which will allow a type of treatment in which the therapy will be noninvasive due to the high degree of targeting selectivity that the microcapsule allows.

Conclusion: The use of the amine groups present in the chitosan polymer's structure to increase or modify the molecular interactions with doxorubicin is a very interesting aspect that will be treated here. These interactions help to make possible the control and protection of the active principle, as it is shown in the quantification of the drug-delivery behavior of the system made.

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<![CDATA[Formulation and Evaluation of Ion-Triggered <i>In situ</i> gel for Effective Ocular Delivery of Ciprofloxacin HCl and Olopatadine HCl in Combination]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1365252024-02-02Background: Ocular in situ gels (ISG) are an adequate substitute to overcome the pitfalls of conventional eye drops as they acquaintance the advantages of solutions, including accuracy, dosing frequency, and ease of administration with prolonged contact with the ocular membrane.

Objective: The present investigation aims to develop the ion-triggered in situ gel (ITISG) system for the convenient administration of Ciprofloxacin HCl (CFH) and Olopatadine HCl (OLH) in combination by employing gellan gum to prolong the pre-corneal residence, optic bioavailability and declines dosing frequency.

Methods: The ISG material and critical quality attributes (CQA) were identified. Quality by Design (QbD) was established to optimize the formulation. Nine experimental formulations were designed (F1-F9) and assigned to distinct physicochemical and in vitro examinations.

Results: Optimized batch F2 exhibited all the findings within acceptable limits. The Ion-triggered ISG technique exhibits maximum drug release over a 240-min cycle, much more significant than conventional eyedrops (60 min), suggesting sustained drug distribution and superior corneal penetration and absorption.

Conclusion: Comprehensive findings of the present investigation conclude that the CFH and OLH would be effectively formulated as an ion-triggered ISG system to manage several drawbacks associated with prolonged release, ocular retention, and better corneal penetration compared with conventional eyedrops.

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<![CDATA[Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Telmisartan-loaded Novel Curcumin-tagged Solid Nanodispersion for the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy in an Animal Model]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1361412024-02-02Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of telmisartan-loaded novel curcumin-tagged solid nanodispersion in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic nephropathy in Wistar rats.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to perform a comprehensive pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of a novel curcumin-tagged solid nanodispersion loaded with telmisartan, with the aim of assessing its potential as a treatment for diabetic nephropathy in an animal model. Specifically, the following objectives will be addressed: formulation and characterization, in vitro evaluation, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics evaluation, and comparative analysis.

Materials and Methods: Telmisartan-loaded curcumin-tagged solid nanodispersion was prepared using the emulsion solvent evaporation method. The optimized formulation was evaluated for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters in an animal model. Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, with 6 animals in each group. Diabetes was induced using nicotinamide (240 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, i.p.) injections in the animals. After 30 to 45 days of introduction, diabetic nephropathy was manifested. The kidneys and pancreas were used for histological analysis and renal and pancreatic damage assessment.

Results: In-vivo studies showed better bioavailability with the t1/2 and Cmax of TLS-15 was 14.92 ± 0.47 hours and 0.32 ± 0.009, respectively, within 2 hours as compared to the t1/2 and Cmax of MP was 4.38 ± 0.19 hours and 0.19 ± 0.008 owing to the better dissolution due to solubility improvement. When compared to the commercially available product, TLS-15 was found to have blood glucose and body weight that were, respectively, 1.01 and 1.03 times higher. Kidney measures, such as serum urea and creatinine, were found to be 0.71 and 1.16 times lower for TLS-15, respectively, and albumin had a value that was 1.13 times higher than for the commercial formulation. Urine indicators, urine albumin, and creatinine estimations, as well as cytokine estimations, revealed that TLS-15 had creatinine levels that were 1.17 times higher and IL-6 levels that were 0.77 times higher than those of a commercial batch.

Conclusion: The findings strongly support the renoprotective and pancreatic protective effects of TLS and Cur (SND-Solid Nanodispersion) combined by lowering levels of cytokines factor (IL- 6), kidney, and lipid parameters. The postulated mechanism might be the combined inhibitory action of TLS and Cur.

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<![CDATA[Intranasal Delivery of Perillyl Alcohol (NEO100) as a New Treatment Strategy for Glioma]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1356282024-02-02Background: Perillyl alcohol (POH) is a naturally occurring monoterpene that is being developed as an intranasally delivered agent for the treatment of brain-localized malignancies. Clinical trials with glioma patients in Brazil have yielded preliminary evidence that this approach might be able to achieve therapeutic activity and result in prolonged survival of patients.

Methods: NEO100, a highly pure, current good manufacturing practice-produced version of POH, is being evaluated in a Phase I/IIa clinical trial with recurrent glioblastoma patients in the United States. Patients self-administer POH/NEO100 as a mist with a nasal mask over the course of 15 minutes, four times a day, every day.

Results: The treatment regimen is well tolerated, even if maintained over several years. It correlated with improved survival when compared to historical controls.

Conclusion: There is human data demonstrating that this novel approach could become useful for the treatment of malignant glioma.

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<![CDATA[Efficiency of a Lyophilizate for Dry Powder Inhalation System for Drug Delivery of Ghrelin in Monkeys]]>https://benthamscience.com/article/1347342024-02-02Background: A lyophilizate for dry powder inhalation (LDPI) system is unique in that its formulation, a lyophilized cake, is aerosolized just upon inhalation by convection flow of air. An LDPI system may be advantageous, especially for biopharmaceutics, such as proteins and peptides, because formulations can be manufactured without high temperature and shear stress. It was already reported that formulations of peptides used in an LDPI system showed high aerosolization performance. However, it was not confirmed whether the LDPI system could deliver drugs efficiently enough for practical use.

Objective: In this study, we compared the drug delivery efficiency of an LDPI system with intravenous and subcutaneous injections.

Methods: We administered LDPI formulations containing ghrelin as model formulations to monkeys and measured pharmacokinetic profiles.

Results: As a result of pharmacokinetics testing in the monkeys, the bioavailability of an inhaled drug was 5-15%.

Conclusion: It is expected that the LDPI system can deliver drugs efficiently enough for practical use even in the systemic application of bio-pharmaceutics.

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