Toxic shock syndrome is an uncommon but life-threatening disease which is
caused by the poisonous endotoxin (TSS-1) produced by Staphylococcus aureus
bacteria. Toxic shock syndrome was first described in children in the l976. This disease
is more common in women than in men. Infection is caused due to the entrance of
bacteria in the body through skin opening such as cuts or wounds or due to poorly
conducted skin surgery, skin-burn, and skin infection. Prevalence of S.aureus
colonization and antibodies by age, geographical area there was no significant
difference found in the rate of toxigenicity and colonization while the population study
prevalence was found to be 26%. Symptoms of TSS were skin rashes, headache, fever,
vomiting, diarrhea, including neurological disturbance and the central nervous system
disturbance along with organ failure. The diagnosis was done using Cole and
Shakespeare's criteria proposed for toxic shock syndrome it can be also diagnosis from
body fluids test and urine test. Management includes seven R’s which are very
important for managing the toxic shock syndrome.
Keywords: Cole and Shakespeare, Endotoxin, Management, Shock, Skin-Burn,
“Staphylococcus aureus”, Toxigenicity, Toxin, TSS-1.
