This chapter provides a brief introduction of current strategies in water
remediation based on nanotechnology. It describes different surface engineering
strategies for enhanced and/or selective removal of different inorganic/organic
pollutants from water bodies. Different factors like surface properties at nanoscale level,
types of the molecules used for surface modification etc. affect the adsorption process
significantly. Small molecules like, organic acids, amphiphiles to polymers and
biomolecules are being used for the surface modification of nanomaterials These
surface engineering strategies are crucial in water remediation technologies and are
discussed thoroughly in this chapter along with recent research progress in this field.
Keywords: Inorganic nanomaterials, Water pollution, Adsorption, Adsorbent,
Adsorption capacity, Surface engineered nanomaterials, Iron oxide nanoparticles,
Nanostructured silicates, Polymer-conjugated nanomaterials, Biomolecules, Water
Remediation, Organic Dyes, Surface properties, Heavy metal, Titanium dioxide,
Malachite, Magnetic separation, Bio-nano composite, Solid−liquid interface, Surface
immobilization.
