The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, and this disease has a tremendous financial burden on most countries. Major types of diabetes are type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D); T2D accounts for 90-95% of all diabetic cases. For better management of diabetes, we need to have a better understanding of its pathophysiology. This chapter provides an overview of glucose homeostasis and the underlying pathophysiology of T2D.
Keywords: β-Cell Dysfunction, Glucose Homeostasis, Insulin, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, Insulin Resistance, Insulin Signaling Pathways, Impaired Fasting Glycemia, Type 2 Diabetes.
