Title:Regulation of Myocardial Extracellular Matrix Dynamic Changes in Myocardial Infarction and Postinfarct Remodeling
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Author(s): Alexey Ushakov, Vera Ivanchenko*Alina Gagarina
Affiliation:
- Department of Internal Medicine #1 with Clinical Pharmacology Course, Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol,Russian Federation
Keywords:
Myocardial infarction, cardiac remodeling, ECM, cytokines, matricellular proteins, cellular mechanisms.
Abstract: The article represents literature review dedicated to molecular and cellular mechanisms
underlying clinical manifestations and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction. Extracellular
matrix adaptive changes are described in detail as one of the most important factors contributing
to healing of damaged myocardium and post-infarction cardiac remodeling. Extracellular
matrix is reviewed as dynamic constantly remodeling structure that plays a pivotal role in
myocardial repair. The role of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in fragmentation
and degradation of extracellular matrix as well as in myocardium healing is discussed. This
review provides current information about fibroblasts activity, the role of growth factors, particularly
transforming growth factor β and cardiotrophin-1, colony-stimulating factors, adipokines
and gastrointestinal hormones, various matricellular proteins. In conclusion considering the
fact that dynamic transformation of extracellular matrix after myocardial ischemic damage plays
a pivotal role in myocardial infarction outcomes and prognosis, we suggest a high importance of
further investigation of mechanisms underlying extracellular matrix remodeling and cell-matrix
interactions in cardiovascular diseases.