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Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1389-5575
ISSN (Online): 1875-5607

Review Article

Advance in Anti-tumor Mechanisms of Shikonin, Alkannin and their Derivatives

Author(s): Xu Zhang, Jia-Hua Cui, Qing-Qing Meng, Shao-Shun Li, Wen Zhou* and Sui Xiao*

Volume 18, Issue 2, 2018

Page: [164 - 172] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1389557517666170228114809

Price: $65

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Abstract

Shikonin, alkannin and their derivatives, the main ingredient of Lithospermum erythrorhizon and Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst native to Inner Mongolian and Northwest of China respectively, hold promising potentials for antitumor effects via multiple-target mechanisms. This review will emphasize the importance of their antitumor activity in apoptosis, necroptosis and immunogenic cell death, and expound the relationship of their antitumor activity and naphthoquinone scaffold that could generate ROS and alkylating agent. Meanwhile, the antitumor mechanisms of naturally-occurring shikonin, alkannin and their derivatives, which were divided into the direct interaction involved in alkylating agent, covalently binding the DNA and protein, as well as the indirect interaction mediated by ROS, nonspecifically influencing the mitochondria or multiple signal pathways, will be systematically summarized and discussed.

Keywords: Alkannin, anti-tumor mechanisms, bioalkylation, DNA, ROS, shikonin.

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