摘要
癌症免疫疗法的功效依赖于宿主免疫系统将癌症识别为非自身并将其从体内消除的能力。虽然这是一个非常肥沃的医学研究领域,积极的临床试验显示持久的反应,必须注意对这些治疗没有反应的患者亚组。宿主的免疫监视和免疫编辑本身可以在肿瘤发展期间选择免疫逃避性肿瘤细胞,导致免疫疗法抗性。非功效或抗性的一种这样的机制是免疫疗法应答途径中所需的特定基因的表观遗传沉默。表观遗传学是通过不涉及DNA序列变化的机制来控制细胞中表达模式的研究。所有的肿瘤类型都表现出涉及癌症所有特征的基因的异常表观遗传调节,包括免疫调节。涉及维持表观遗传状态的关键酶的抑制是癌症新治疗策略的另一个重要研究领域。表观遗传疗法可以用来成功地增强免疫调节剂在癌症中的作用吗?它们是否按照我们想象的方式行事?了解表观遗传疗法对肿瘤和宿主细胞免疫通路的影响,尤其是
关键词: 癌症免疫治疗,免疫逃避肿瘤细胞,免疫调节剂,肿瘤微环境,放疗,化疗
Current Cancer Drug Targets
Title:Is there a Role for Epigenetic Enhancement of Immunomodulatory Approaches to Cancer Treatment?
Volume: 18 Issue: 1
关键词: 癌症免疫治疗,免疫逃避肿瘤细胞,免疫调节剂,肿瘤微环境,放疗,化疗
摘要: The efficacy of cancer immunotherapy relies on the ability of the host immune system to recognise the cancer as non-self and eliminate it from the body. Whilst this is an extremely fertile area of medical research, with positive clinical trials showing durable responses, attention must be paid to the subset of patients that do not respond to these treatments. Immune surveillance and immunoediting by the host could itself select for immune-evasive tumour cells during tumour development leading to immunotherapy resistance. One such mechanism of non-efficacy or resistance is the epigenetic silencing of a specific gene required in the immunotherapy response pathway. Epigenetics is the study of the control of expression patterns in a cell via mechanisms not involving a change in DNA sequence. All tumour types show aberrant epigenetic regulation of genes involved in all the hallmarks of cancer, including immunomodulation. Inhibition of key enzymes involved in maintenance of epigenetic states is another important area of research for new treatment strategies for cancer. Could epigenetic therapies be used to successfully enhance the action of immunomodulatory agents in cancer, and are they acting in the way we imagine? An understanding of the effects of epigenetic therapies on immunological pathways in both the tumour and host cells, especially the tumour microenvironment, will be essential to further develop such combination approaches.
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Is there a Role for Epigenetic Enhancement of Immunomodulatory Approaches to Cancer Treatment?, Current Cancer Drug Targets 2018; 18 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009617666170206105131
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009617666170206105131 |
Print ISSN 1568-0096 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5576 |
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Innovative Cancer Drug Targets: A New Horizon in Oncology
Cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases, with its complexity and adaptability necessitating continuous research efforts into more effective and targeted therapeutic approaches. Recent years have witnessed significant progress in understanding the molecular and genetic basis of cancer, leading to the identification of novel drug targets. These include, but ...read more
Role of Immune and Genotoxic Response Biomarkers in Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Biological biomarkers have been used in medical research as an indicator of a normal or abnormal process inside the body, or of a disease. Nowadays, various researchers are in process of exploring and investigating the biological markers for the early assessment of cancer. DNA Damage response (DDR) pathways and immune ...read more
Unraveling the Tumor Microenvironment and Potential Therapeutic Targets: Insights from Single-Cell Sequencing and Spatial Transcriptomics
This special issue will focus on unraveling the complexities of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and identifying key biomarkers for potential therapeutic targets using advanced multi-omics techniques, such as single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptomics. We seek original research and comprehensive reviews that investigate the heterogeneity and dynamics of the TME, emphasizing ...read more
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