Title:Impact of COVID-19 Mandatory Lockdown Measures on Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Persons with Alzheimer's Disease in Lima,
Peru
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
关键词:
阿尔茨海默病、神经精神症状、COVID-19、隔离、居家令、强制封锁。
摘要:
Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
worsened during the COVID-19 lockdowns, but their progression thereafter is unknown. We present
the first longitudinal study tracking them before, during, and after restrictions.
Objectives: To describe the effect of the COVID-19 mandatory lockdowns on Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric
symptoms in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s Disease
(AD).
Methods: Cohort of 48 patients with amnestic MCI and 38 with AD in Lima, Peru. They received
three rounds of cognitive (RUDAS, CDR, M@T), behavioral (NPI), and functional (ADCS-ADL) assessments.
We assessed the change in score means across the time points and for each domain of NPS
and tracked the changes in individual patients.
Results: RUDAS declined 0.9 (SD 1.0) from baseline to lockdown and 0.7 (SD 1.0) after restrictions.
M@T declined 1.0 (SD 1.5) from baseline to lockdown and 1.4 (SD 2.0) after restrictions. CDR worsened
in 72 patients (83.72%) from baseline to post-lockdown. NPI worsened by 10 (SD 8.3) from
baseline to lockdown but improved by 4.8 (SD 6.4) after restrictions. Proportionally, 81.3% of all patients
had worsened NPS during the lockdowns, but only 10.7% saw an increase thereafter. Improvement
was statistically significant for specific NPS domains except hallucinations, delusions, and appetite
changes. Anxiety, irritability, apathy, and disinhibition returned to baseline levels.
Conclusion: Following confinement, cognition continued to decline, but NPS demonstrated either
stability or improvement. This highlights the role modifiable risk factors may have on the progression
of NPS.
