Title:The Antibacterial Potential of Ciprofloxacin Hybrids against Staphylococcus
aureus
Volume: 22
Issue: 12
Author(s): Wenhua Zang*, Danxia Li, Li Gao, Shuang Gao, Pengfei Hao and Hua Bian
Affiliation:
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004,
Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang,
473004, Henan, China
Keywords:
Ciprofloxacin, Hybrids, Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Structure-activity relationship, Methicillin-resistant.
Abstract: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), an important pathogen of both humans and animals,
can cause a variety of infections at any site of the body. The evolution of S. aureus resistance is notorious,
and the widespread of drug-resistant S. aureus, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus
(MRSA), has made the treatment difficult in recent decades. Nowadays, S. aureus is among the
leading causes of bacterial infections, creating an urgent need for the development of novel antibacterial
agents. Ciprofloxacin, characterized by high clinical efficacy, is a broad-spectrum antibacterial
agent with frequency of prescription for various Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens,
many of which are resistant to a wide range of antibiotics. However, the long-term and widespread
use of this antibiotic has led to the emergence of ciprofloxacin-resistant pathogens, and ciprofloxacin-
resistant S. aureus has been noted in clinical practice. Ciprofloxacin hybrids have been recognized
as advanced chemical entities to simultaneously modulate multiple drug targets in bacteria, so
ciprofloxacin hybrids have the potential to overcome drug resistance. The present review provides
an overview of ciprofloxacin hybrids with anti-S. aureus potential that has been reported in the last
decade with an emphasis on their structure-activity relationships and mechanisms of action.
