Title:Nanovaccine: A Hope to Triumph the Battle Against Novel Coronavirus
Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Author(s): Anurag Kumar Singh, Anand Maurya, Gaurav Mishra, Rajendra Awasthi*, Kamal Dua and Giriraj T. Kulkarni
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences
& Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres, Bidholi, Via-Prem Nagar, Dehradun
– 248 007, Uttarakhand, India
Keywords:
Coronavirus, COVID-19, liposome, nanovaccine, SARS-CoV-2, viral outbreak.
Abstract:
Background: The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection has caused the global
emergence of coronavirus in humans during the last 12 months. Till May 11, 2021, the confirmed
global COVID-19 cases and deaths reached 158551526 and 3296855, respectively.
Methods: Goblet cells and ciliated cells in the nose act as the initial infection site of SARS-CoV-2.
Thus, mucus immunity is important to protect from infection. The outburst of SARS-CoV-2 infection
can be halted only when an effective vaccine will be developed.
Results: Globally, over 100 different vaccines are under investigation, including DNA vaccines, RNA
vaccines, inactivated virus vaccines, adenovirus-based vaccines, recombinant/subunit protein vaccines,
peptide vaccines, virus-like particles, etc. Inactivated virus vaccines and mRNA, and adenovirus-based
vaccines have moved fast into patent clinical trials.
Conclusion: Vaccines containing spike protein of SARS-CoV as subunit could effectively prevent
binding of coronavirus to the host cell and membrane fusion. Thus, spike protein can be used as a major
target for subunit vaccine preparation.