Viral suppression is necessary to control the evolution of drug resistance,
reduce the chronic immune activation, which is associated with morbidity and mortality
in HIV-infected patients, reducing viral transmission, including transmission of drug
resistance. In general, the proportion of viremic patients who achieved suppression
increases with the number of pharmacokinetically active antiretroviral therapy regimen
in. Guidelines to antiretroviral treatment today recommend the use of at least three
antiretroviral agents (ART) selected from different drug classes, which may include
inhibitors of reverse transcriptase nucleoside (NRTI), reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Non-nucleoside inhibitors (NNRTIs) inhibitors protease (PI's), entry inhibitors and
integrase inhibitors. There is regarding when to start therapy, what drugs should be
used, how to manage the risk of toxicity and how to improve adherence to treatment.
The impact of co-morbidities conditions in the selection of drugs and the risk of
emergence of resistant viruses must also be considered as deciding factors. Thus, this
review covers the last advances in ART, specifically focusing integrase inhibitors and
entry inhibitors.
Keywords: Entry inhibitors, HIV-1, HAART, integrase inhibitors.