Abstract
Phytosterols are bioactive substances that are found spontaneously in the cell membranes of plants and have an atomic composition similar to cholesterol produced by vertebrate cells. They are widely distributed in dietary lipids from plants such as nuts, seeds, and beans with olive oil. β-sitosterol has a variation of pharmacological belongings, with analgesic, immunomodulatory, antiseptic, antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, cholesterol decreasing, hepatoprotective, and protecting action concerning respiratory and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease illnesses, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic activity. Clinical studies on humans have shown that it works against prostate cancer and has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Pharmacological testing of β-sitosterol demonstrated a range of actions including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anticancer, antifertility, angiogenic, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, diabetes-fighting, and anticancer without significant toxicity. Several formulations have been created by numerous authors, but there are few scholarly reviews of the analytical, pharmacology, and phytochemistry methodologies for this molecule. In this review the literature on β-sitosterol, its biosynthesis, pharmacology, nutraceutical applications, toxicity, formulations, and analytical techniques are all highlighted.
Keywords: β-sitosterol, biosynthesis, characterization, pharmacological activities, anti-diabetic, pharmacokinetics.
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